In water solution both forms are in equilibrium, and at pH 7 the cyclic form is predominant. The glucose molecule can exist in an open-chain (acyclic) and ring (cyclic) form (in equilibrium), the latter being the result of an covalent bond between the aldehyde C atom and the C-5 hydroxyl group to form a six-membered cyclic hemiacetal. Glucose (C 6H 12O 6) contains six carbon atoms one of which is part of an aldehyde group and is therefore referred to as an aldohexose. It can also be commonly found as an aqueous solution. Glucose is commonly available in the form of a white substance or as a solid crystal. The mirror-image of the molecule, L-glucose, cannot be metabolized by cells in the biochemical process known as glycolysis. This article deals with the D-form of glucose. This form ( D-glucose) is often referred to as dextrose monohydrate, or, especially in the food industry, simply dextrose (from dextrorotatory glucose ). Two stereoisomers of the aldohexose sugars are known as glucose, only one of which ( D-glucose) is biologically active.
#Pyruvate anomeric carbon plus#
The name comes from the Greek word glykys ( γλυκύς), which means "sweet", plus the suffix "-ose" which denotes a sugar. Glucose is one of the main products of photosynthesis and starts cellular respiration in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The living cell uses it as a source of energy and metabolic intermediate. Glucose (Glc), a monosaccharide (or simple sugar), is an important carbohydrate in biology. 6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane -2,3,4,5-tetrol OR (2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetraolĮxcept where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 ☌, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references
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